却说曹操闻孙策已死，欲起兵下江南。侍御史张罥谏曰：“乘人之丧而伐之，既非义举；若其不克，弃好成仇：不如因而善遇之。”操然其说，乃即奏封孙权为将军，兼领会稽太守；即令张罥为会稽都尉，赍印往江东。孙权大喜，又得张罥回吴，即命与张昭同理政事。张罥又荐一人于孙权：此人姓顾，名雍，字元叹，乃中郎蔡邕之徒；其为人少言语，不饮酒，严厉正大。权以为丞，行太守事。自是孙权威震江东，深得民心。

whencaocaoheardhasuncehaddied，hewanedomuserhisforcesanddescenduponhesouhndbuhecensorzhanghongdissuadedhim，saying，“oaackwhenhendisinmourningisdishonorableifyoufail，youwillhavehrownawaywhaeveramiysillexissandcreaedinseadaprofoundenmiyiwouldsuggesyouakeheopporuniyoreahesouhernershandsomely”caocaoookhisadviceandrecommendedoheemperorhasunquanbeappoinedgeneralandgovernorofkuaijiahesameimezhanghongwasmademiliarycommanderofkuaijiandgivenhesealofofficeodeliverosunquansunquanwaseedohavezhanghongreleasedfromhecapial，andinsrucedhimoworkcloselywihzhangzhaoinadminiseringhiskingdomahisimezhanghongrecommendedanohermanosunquan，guyong(yuanan)，adiscipleofcourcounselorcaiyongguyongwasamancharyofspeech，nogivenodrink，bohsevereandcorrecsunquanemployedhimasagovernor’sdepuyandacinggovernor

hroughouhesouhndsunquan’spresigewasrecognized，andhepeoplebecamedeeplydevoedohim

创业难守业更难。“今操引百万之众，虎踞江汉。”（第四十二回）吴国太问孙权：

“何事在心，寝食俱废？”权曰：“今曹操屯兵于江汉，有下江南之意。问诸文武，或欲降者，或欲战者。欲待战来，恐寡不敌众；欲待降来，又恐曹操不容：因此犹豫不决。”（第四十三回）“孔明用智激周瑜孙权决计破曹操”（第四十四回）；“三江口曹操折兵群英会蒋干中计”（第四十五回）；“用奇谋孔明借箭献密计黄盖受刑”（第四十六回）；“阚泽密献诈降书庞统巧授连环计”（第四十七回）；“宴长江曹操赋诗锁战船北军用武”（第四十八回）；“七星坛诸葛祭风三江口周瑜纵火”（第四十九回）；“诸葛亮智算花容　关云长义释曹操”（第五十回），孙、刘联合，大败曹操，这是我国古代战争史上另一个以少胜多、以弱胜强的光辉榜样，这也表现了孙权的雄才大略——联刘反曹，取得了赤壁之战的大胜。

keepingisharderhanwi

ing“caocaoleadsamillionmanhoshe’sperchedlikeaigeronhegreariverandhehan”(chaper42)dywu，hismoher，askedsunquan：“whyareyouunableoeaandsleep？”“caocaoiscampedonheriver，”sunquansaidoher，“inenonsubduingourndihavepuhequesionoourcivilandmiliaryadviserssomewouldcapiue，somewouldwagewarifweriskbale，ifearourfewernumberswillnobeableosandagainsheirgreaerifwerisksubmission，ifearcaocaowillnoaccommodaeusiwave，herefore，unableoacresoluely”(chaper43)“kongmingcu

inglymoveszhouyuoangersunquandecidesonapnodefeacaocao”(chaper44)；“caocaosufferscasualiesahreeriversjiangganspringsarapahecongregaionofheroes”(chaper45)；“kongmingborrowscaocao’sarrowshrougharusehuanggaiisfloggedfollowingasecrepn”(chaper46)；“kanze’ssecreleersofferingashamsurrenderpangong’sshrewdpnforco

ecingheboas”(chaper47)；“feasingonhegreariver，caocaosingsanodelinkingisboas，henorhpreparesforwar”(chaper48)；“onsevensaralarkongmingsupplicaeshewindahreeriverszhouyuunleasheshefire”(chaper49)；“kongmingforeseesheoucomeahuaronglordguanreleases，andobligaes，caocao”(chaper50)sunquanhasjoinedforceswihliubeiagainscaocaoanddefeaedcaoseverelyhisisanohershiningexampleofdefeainganumericallysuperiorandpowerfulenemywihasmallandweakforceinhemiliaryhisoryofancienchinahisalsoshowssunquan’sgreaalenandboldvision—havingjoinedforceswihliubeiagainscaocaoahebaleofheredcliffsandwonhebalegrealy

赤壁之战大败曹操之后，刘备、孙权分别极力从曹军手中争夺城镇和地盘。玄德自得荆州、南郡、襄阳，心中大喜，正议久远之计。鲁肃引从者径投南郡来与刘备理论。鲁曰：

“吾主吴侯，与都督公瑾，教某再三申意皇叔：所有荆州九郡，合当归于东吴。今皇叔用诡计，夺占荆襄，使江东空费钱粮军马，而皇叔安受其利，恐于理未顺。”孔明曰：“子敬乃高明之士，何故亦出此言？常言道：‘物必归主’。荆襄九郡，非东吴之地（第五十二回）……孔明变色曰：“且赤壁之战，我主多负勤劳，众将并皆用命，岂独是汝东吴之力？

若非我借东南风，周郎安能展半筹之功？何公不察之甚也！”一席话，说得鲁子敬缄口无言；半晌乃曰：“孔明之言，怕不有理；争奈鲁肃身上甚是不便。”孔明曰：“若恐先生面上不好看，我劝主人立纸文书，暂借荆州为本；待我主别图得城池之时，便交付还东吴。”

玄德亲笔写成文书一纸，押了字。保人诸葛孔明也押了字。孔明曰：“亮是皇叔这里人，难倒自家作保？烦子敬先生也押个字，回见吴侯也好看。”肃曰：“某知皇叔乃仁义之人，必不相负。”遂押了字，收了文书。宴罢辞回。玄德与孔明，送到船边。孔明嘱曰：“子敬回见吴侯，善言伸意，休生妄想。若不准我文书，我翻了面皮，连八十一州都夺了。今只要两家和气，休教曹贼笑话。”“周瑜写了书呈，选快船送鲁肃投南徐见孙权，先说借荆州一事，呈上文书。……肃曰：‘周都督有书呈在此，说用此计，可得荆州。’权看毕，点头暗喜，寻思谁人可去。猛然省曰：‘非吕范不可。’遂召吕范至，谓曰：‘近闻刘玄德丧妇。

吾有一妹，欲招玄德为婿，永结姻亲，同心破曹，以扶汉室。非子衡不可为媒，望即往荆州一言。’”（第五十四回）由此可见，孙权能审时度势，能屈能伸；能顾全大局，很重视联刘抗曹的战略。

afercaocaowasseverelydefeaedahebaleofheredcliffs，liubeiandsunquandidheirumosrespecivelyoakeciiesandndfromcao’sarmyliuxuande，overjoyedwihheacquisiionofhekeyciiesofjingzhou，nanjun，andxiangyang，beganconsideringhowheycouldbeheldpermanenly

lighlyaended，lusuheadedfornanjunoreasonwihliubeilusaid，“lordsunquanandhischiefcommander，zhouyu，havesenmeocommunicaeheiremphaicviewoheimperialunclejingzhou’snineimperialdisricsshouldnowproperlybecomeparofhesouhndbuheimperialunclehasusedasuberfugeoseizeandholdhearea，handilyreapingabenefiforwhichhesouhndhasvainlyexpendediscoin，grain，andmenidoubhahisisconsonanwihaccepedprinciples”“myfriend，”kongmingsaid，“onwhagroundsdoesahighmindedandenlighenedschorlikeyourselfmakesuchsaemens？iiscommonlyagreedha‘hingsbelongoheirowners’jingzhou’sninedisricsarenohesouhnd’serriory”(chaper52)kongmingsaidwihasernexpression，“don’forgehainhebalearedcliffsmylordborehebrunofhefighing，andhiscommandersriskedheirlivesinhefielddoyoumeanoellushahevicorywasdueohesrenghofhesouhalone？ifihadn’beenableoborrowheforceofhesouheaswinds，whasraegywouldzhouyuhaveused？howcouldyoubesoundiscerning？”duringhisiradelususasilenalongshecommened，“hereissomeruh，i’mafraid，inwhayousay

hehingis，ipusmeinamosdifficulposiion”“ifi’sabioffaceyou’reafraidoflosing，”kongmingexpined，“icanhavelordliugiveioyouinwriinghaweareborrowingheprovinceasouremporarybase，andhaoncelordliuhascompleedhisarrangemensforakinganoher，hewillreurnjingzhouohesouhnd”xuandepersonallywroeouhedocumenandaffixedhissealandzhugekongmingaffixedhisown，saying，“sinceiaminheserviceofheimperialuncle，ihardlysufficesformeoacasguaranormayweroubleyou，sir，osignaswell？ihinkiwilllookbeerwhenyouseelordsunagain”“idoub，”repliedlusu，“haamanofhumaniyandhonorlikeheimperialunclewouldberayhiscommimen”wihha，headdedhissealandgahereduphedocumenhebanqueended，lusubadehishossgoodbyexuandeandkongmingescoredhimohewaer’sedgekongminglefhimwihhisparingadmoniion：“whenyouseelordsun，speakwellofus—anddonogeanysrangeideasifourdocumenisnoacceped，we’llshowadifferenfaceandyoureighyoownshipswillbelosbohsidesneedgoodreionsorheraiorcaowillmakefoolsofusall”“zhouyudrafedhisproposalandpulusuonafasboaofnanxuheresuoldsunquanheresulofhismissionojingzhouandshowedhimheagreemenwihxuandeandkongming，‘chiefcommanderzhousendshisproposal，’saidlusu，handinghimheleer，‘wihwhichhesayswecanrecoverjingzhou’sunquanreadihroughandnodded，secrelypleased，andbeganaskinghimselfwhomosendashegobeweenhenamehasprangomindwaslufansunquansummonedlufanandsaidohim，‘recenlywehavehadnewsofhepassingofliuxuande’swifeidesireoinviehimomarryinomyfamilybyakingmyyoungersiserowifeboundhusinsingkinship，wecanjoinwholehearedlyinhesruggleodefeacaocaoandupholdhehouseofhanyouaremychoiceforgobeweenicounonyouopresenourcaseinjingzhou’(chaper54)”fromherewecanseesunquancanmakeacorrecassessmenofhesiuaionandknowwhenoeahumblepieandwhenoholdhisheadhighhecanconsiderheoverallsiuaionandpaymuchaenionohesruggleofallyingwihliuagainscao

孙权善于团结下属，善于调解他们间的矛盾，因而他们愿尽力以保江东。例如，“凌统想起甘宁杀父之仇，又见吕蒙夸美之，心中大怒，瞪目直视良久，忽拔左右所佩之剑，立于筵上曰：‘筵前无乐，看吾舞剑。’甘宁知其意，推开果桌起身，两手取两枝戟挟定，纵步出曰：‘看我筵前使戟。’……权曰：‘吾常言二人休念旧仇，今日又何如此？’凌统哭拜于地。孙权再三劝止。”（第六十七回）“曹休便闪在张辽背后，开弓一箭，正中凌统坐下马，那马直立起来，把凌统掀翻在地。乐进连忙持枪来刺。枪还未到，只听得弓弦响处，一箭射中乐进面门，翻身落马。两军齐出，各救一将回营，鸣金罢战。凌统回寨中拜谢孙权。权曰：‘放箭救你者，甘宁也。’凌统乃顿首拜宁曰：‘不想公能如此垂恩！’自此与甘宁结为生死之交，再不为恶。”（第六十八回）再如：“周泰挺身杀入，寻见孙权。泰曰：‘主公可随泰杀出。’于是泰在前，权在后，奋力冲突。泰到江边，回头又不见孙权，乃复翻身杀入围中，又寻见孙权。权曰：‘弓弩齐发，不能得出，如何？’泰曰：‘主公在前，某在后，可以出围。’孙权乃纵马前行。周泰左右遮护，身被数枪，箭透重铠，救得孙权……孙权知陈武已亡，董袭又沉江而死，哀痛至切，令人入水中寻见董袭尸首，与陈武尸一齐厚葬之。又感周泰救护之功，设宴款之。权亲自把盏，抚其背，泪流满面，曰：‘卿两番相救，不惜性命，被枪数十，肤如刻画，孤亦何心不待卿以骨肉之恩、委卿以兵马之重乎！卿乃孤之功臣，孤当与卿共荣辱、同休戚也。’”这就是为什么他的属下愿拼死为他全心全意效命的原因。

sunquanisgoodauniinghissubordinaesandmediaingconradicionsamonghemsohaheywillgiveheiralloproechesouhndforinsance，lingong，seeinglumengpraisehemanwhohadkilledhisfaher，saredangrilyaganningsuddenlyheookanaendan’sswordand，sandinginhecenerofhecompany，criedou，‘weckforenerainmenallowmeoperformasworddance’ganningknewexaclywhalingongwanedodohepushedoverheableloadedwihfruiandroseohisfee

cspingahalberdundereacharm，hesrodeforward‘lemeshowhecompanyhowihandlehese’canningsaid‘ihaveoldbohofyoumorehanonceoseasideyourenmiy’sunquansaid‘howcouldhishavehappened？’weeping，lingonghrewhimselfohegroundsunquanreieraedhisadmoniion

(chaper67)”“caoxiuduckedbehindzhangliaoandsholingong’shorse，whichrearedandhrewisrideryuejinracedforward，spearpoisedforhekill，whenanarrowsruckhimfullinhefaceandheoppledfromhismounsoldiersonbohsidescameouorescueheirgeneralsgongssounded，andcombaceasedlingongreurnedocampandouchedhegroundinapologyosunquan‘iwasganningwhosearrowsavedyou’quansaid，andlingongpressedhisforeheadohegroundoshowhisrespecoganning，saying，‘ineverexpecedsuchkindnessfromyou，sir’fromhaimeforwardhewomenbecameswornfriendsandburiedheirgrudge”(chaper68)foranoherinsance，“zhouaibrokehroughandfoundsunquan‘followmeouofhere，mylord，’aisaidbydinofhardfighing，zhouaireachedheshorebuagainlossunquanheurnedbackinohefrayandagainfoundhislord‘wecan’geou’quansaid‘shafsandbolsareflyingeverywhere’‘hisime，’zhouaisaid，‘yougofirsandi’llfollow’quanracedforwardaszhouaifendedoffaackslefandrighheookseveralwoundsandanarrowhadpiercedhisarmor；buhebroughsunquanousunquangrievedbierlyoverhelossofchenwuanddongxihehadheriversearched，anddongxi’sbodywasfound；iwasburiedogeherwihchenwu’ssunquanhenheldafeasohankzhouaiforhisheroicrescueslifinghecup，sunquanresedhisarmonzhouai’sshouldersand，facewewihears，said，‘wiceyoubroughmeosafey，eachimeriskingyourownlife，sufferingsomanywoundshaheyhavepaernedyourfleshwhaelsecanidobushowyouakinsman’skindness；whaelsebupceinyourhandsahighcommand？youaremymosdeservingvassal，wihwhomishallshareeverygloryandsuccess’(chaper68)”hisisjuswhyhissubordinaeswillriskheirlivesoservehimwholehearedly

曹操闻知玄德自立汉中王，即修书令满宠为使，星夜投江东来见孙权。“宠呈上操书，曰：‘吴、魏自来无仇，皆因刘备之故，致生衅隙。魏王差某到此，约将军攻取荆州，魏王以兵临汉川，首尾夹击。破刘之后，共分疆土，誓不相侵。’……诸葛瑾曰：‘其女尚幼，未许字人。某愿往与主公世子求婚。若云长肯许，即与云长计议共破曹操；若云长不肯，然后助曹取荆州。’……入城见云长，礼毕。瑾曰：‘特来求两家之好；吾主吴侯有一子，甚聪明；闻将军有一女，特来求亲。两家结好，并力破曹。此诚美事，请君侯思之。’云长勃然大怒曰：‘吾虎女安肯嫁犬子乎！不看汝弟之面，立斩汝首！再休多言！’遂唤左右逐出。瑾抱头鼠窜，回见吴侯；不敢隐匿，遂以实告。权大怒曰：‘何太无礼耶！’”（第七十三回）”“关公在麦城盼望上庸兵到，却不见动静；手下止有五六百人，多半带伤；城中无粮，甚是苦楚。”忽报诸葛瑾到，瑾曰：‘吴侯欲与君侯结秦晋之好，同力破曹，共扶汉室，别无他意。君侯何执迷如是？’言未毕，关平拔剑而前，欲斩诸葛瑾。公止之曰：

‘彼弟孔明在蜀，佐汝伯父，今若杀彼，伤其兄弟之情也。’遂令左右逐出诸葛瑾。”（第七十六回）“至天明，孙权闻关公父子已被擒获，大喜，聚众将于帐中。少时，马忠簇拥关公至前。权曰：‘孤久慕将军盛德，欲结秦晋之好，何相弃耶？公平昔自以为天下无敌，今日何由被吾所擒？将军今日还服孙权否？’关公厉声骂曰：‘碧眼小儿，紫髯鼠辈！吾与刘皇叔桃园结义，誓扶汉室，岂与汝叛汉之贼为伍耶！我今误中奸计，有死而已，何必多言！’”（第七十七回）于是关公父子皆遇害。孙权为维护孙、刘两家联盟抗曹也尽力而为了。

whencaocaolearnedhaxuandehadinsalledhimselfaskingofhanzhong，caocaoorderedmanchongovisisunquanashisrepresenaive“submiingcaocao’sleer，manchongsaid，‘hesouhndandweihavenoquarrel；liubeihasbeenhecauseofhehosiliiesbeweenushekingofweihassenmehereoworkouanagreemenwherebyyou，general，willaackandakeoverjingzhouwhilehebringshisarmyupohanzhongsohawecanaackliubeionwofronsonceheisdesroyed，wecandividehiserriories，pledgingorespecheboundarybeween’zhugejinsuggesed，‘hedaugher，sillyoung，hasnoyebeenpromisedinmarriageiwouldlikeoseekherhandforyourheiriflordguanconsens，wecanbeginp

ingjoinacionagainscaocaooherwise，wehelpcaocaoakejingzhou’zhugejinpresenedhimselfbeforelordguanaferheceremoniesconcluded，jinsaid，“icomeforoneparicurpurposeobindheamiyofourwohousesmymaserhasason，ayouhofhighinelligenceand，iundersand，youhaveadaugher；iisherhandicomeoseekifourwohousesformhisunionandcombiodesroycaocao，iwillberulysplendidibegyouoconsideri，mylord，’lordguan’sanswercameinabursofanger：‘myigerssmarriedoffoamongrel？i’dhaveyourheadifyouweren’kongming’sbroher！speakofinomore！’lordguancalledforhisaides，whodrovezhugejinscurryingoffbackinhesouhndzhugejincouldnoconcealwhahadhappenedhearingherepor，sunquanexcimed，‘whainsolence！’(chaper73)”“inmai，lordguanwaiedexpecanlyforrelieffromshangyongbunosigncameonlyfiveorsixhundredmenremainedohim，andmosofhosehadbeenwoundedashorageofraionswascausingseveresufferingsuddenlyzhugejincameandsaid，‘lordsunwanedoformanalliancewihyou，basedonmarriage，sohawecouldunieagainscaocaoandupholdhehouseofhanweharbornooherambiionwhymusyouclingohesemisconcepions，mylord？’beforezhugejincouldfinish，guanpinghadpulledhisswordandwasmakingforhevisiorlordguansoppedhim‘hisyoungerbroherkongmingisinheriverndsservingasyouruncle’srighhandmanifyoukillhim，youwilloffendhisbroher’lordguanhenorderedzhugejindrivenaway(chaper76)”“ashedaybroke，sunquanwasinformedofhecapureoflordguanandhissonimmenselypleased，hecalledhiscommandersogeheraferashorwhilemazhonghusledlordguaninosunquan’sensunquansaid，‘general，ouoflongsandingadmiraionforyoursplendidvirues，isoughoworkoualiaisonhroughmarriagewhydidyouspurnheoffer？youhaveeverclungoheviewhayouarewihoupeerinheempirehowhasicomeabouhayouaremyprisoneroday？doyou，general，acknowledgeyourselfbeaen？’lordguandamnedhimharshly：‘greeneyedscamp！redwhiskeredroden！igavemyallegianceoimperialuncleliuinhepeachgardenwhenwesworeoupholdhehouseofhanwhawouldibedoinginheranksofraiorsinrevolsuchasyou？nowhaihaveblunderedinoyourreacherousdevices，deahaloneremainshereisnomoreosay’(chaper77)”andsolordguanandhisson，ping，werebeheadedandsunquanhasalsodonehisumosoupholdheunionofsunandliuhousesagainscao

刘玄德即了帝位，统精兵七十余万，御驾亲征，杀向东吴。（第八十一回）吴使诸葛瑾至。瑾曰：“‘今吕蒙已死，冤仇已息。孙夫人一向思归。今吴侯令臣为使，愿送归夫人，缚还降将，并将荆州仍旧交还，永结盟好，共灭曹丕，以正篡逆之罪。’先主怒曰：

‘汝东吴害了朕弟，今日敢以巧言来说乎？’瑾曰：‘臣请以轻重大小之事，与陛下论之。

陛下乃汉朝皇叔，今汉帝已被曹丕篡夺，不思剿除；却为异姓之亲，而屈万乘之尊，是舍大义而就小义也。中原乃海内之地，两都皆大汉创业之方，陛下不取，而但争荆州，是弃重而取轻也。天下皆知陛下即位，必兴汉室，恢复山河；今陛下置魏不问，反欲伐吴：窃为陛下不取。’先主大怒曰：‘杀吾弟之仇，不共戴天！欲朕罢兵，除死方休！不看丞相之面，先斩汝首！今且放汝回去，说与孙权：洗颈就戮！’诸葛瑾见先主不听，只得自回江南。瑾见孙权，言先主不肯通和之意。权大惊曰：‘若如此，江南危矣！’阶下一人进曰：‘某有一计，可解此危。’视之，乃中大夫赵咨也。权曰：‘德度有何良策？’咨曰：‘主公可作一表，某愿为使，往见魏帝曹丕，陈说利害，使袭汉中，则蜀兵自危矣。’权曰：‘此计最善。’”（第八十二回）这就是为什么“孙权降魏受九锡”、“战罥亭先主得仇人　守江口书生拜大将”（第八十三回）、“陆逊营烧七百里”，大破蜀兵于罥亭彝陵之地（第八十四回）。这就是三国时期“三大战役”的彝陵之战，它确保了东吴的幸存并最终确立了三国的势力范围。

liuxuandeassumedheimperialhrone，andhensevenhundredhousandseasonedroopsunderhispersonalcommandweremarchingowardhesouhnd(chaper81)zhugejinarrived，and“said：‘nowhalumengisdead，hequarrelbeweenusendsmoreover，dysunhinksonlyofreurningoherhusbandlordsunhassenmehere，herefore，ocommunicaeourdesireodeliverdysunandorepariaehosecommandersoflordguan’swhosurrenderedousfinally，wedesireoresorejingzhouoyouosealouramiyinperpeuiyhawemaysriveoeliminaeheraiorandusurpercaopi’heemperorreoredholy，‘yousouhernersmurderedourbroherdon’plyuswihcleverargumens！’buzhugejinconinued，‘allowmeoweighhemerisofhecaseyourmajesyisanimperialuncleofhehan；hehanemperorhasbeenunwfullydeprivedofhishronebycaopiyeinseadofdedicaingyourselfoeliminaingheraiors，youcompromiseyourimperialdigniyforakinsmanbyoah，nobyblood，andherebyforsakeasacredobligaionforalesserohenorhernhearndishecoreofherealm；chang’anandluoyangareherecognizedcapialsofhanyourmajesy，forsakinghenorhofighforjingzhoumeansforsakingwhaisimporanopursuewhaispeyhewholeempireknowshabyassuminghehroneyoucouldrevivehehanandbringhemounainsandriversofhisndwihinisruleonceagainivenureoadviseyourmajesynooignoreweiinorderowagewaragainswu’inafuryheemperorsaid，‘haenemywhoslewmybroherwillnevershareoneskywihusnohing—savemydeah—willsopheseroopswerenoheprimeminiseryourbroher，youwouldhavealreadylosyourheadhowever，youmayreurnandellsunquanowashhisneck：heexecuioneriscoming’hus，heemperorsoodfirm，andzhugejinbeookhimselfhomeohesouhndsunquanreceivedzhugejin，whooldhimhaheemperorhadrejecedreconciliaionarmed，sunquansaid，‘inhacase，hesouhndmayfall’bubelowhepformamanseppedforhandsaid，‘ihaveapnoaverhedanger’iwaszhaozi，arankingadviseracour‘whapn？’sunquanasked‘leyourlordshipdecresubmissionocaopi，emperorofweidelegaemeodeliverhepeiion，andiwillshowhimhahisadvanageliesinaackinghanzhonghawilexerpressureonheriverndsarmy’sunquanresponded，‘anexcellenpn’(chaper82)”hisiswhy“sunquansubmisowei，receivesheninedigniies”，“fighingaxiaoing，heemperorakesafoedefendingheriver，aschorakescommand”(chaper83)and“luxunburnsasevenhundredlilineofcamps”，havingdecisivelybeaenheriverndsroopsaxiaoingandyiling(chaper84)hisishecampaignofyilingofhehreecampaignsduringhehreekingdomsperiodihasensuredhesouhnd’ssurvivalandfinallyesablishedhesphereofinfluenceofhehreekingdoms

从上述引自文本的几段可以看出，孙权不仅是东吴的守业者而且是东吴的创立者。“吴王孙权设朝，有细作人报说：‘蜀诸葛丞相出兵两次，魏都督曹真兵损将亡。’于是群臣皆劝吴王兴师伐魏，以图中原。权犹疑未决。张昭奏曰：‘近闻武昌东山，凤凰来仪；大江之中，黄龙屡现。主公德配唐、虞，明并文、武：可即皇帝位，然后兴兵。’多官皆应曰：

‘子布之言是也。’遂选定夏四月丙寅日，筑坛于武昌南郊。是日，群臣请权登坛即皇帝位，改黄武八年为黄龙元年（公元229年）。谥父孙坚为武烈皇帝，母吴氏为武烈皇后，兄孙策为长沙桓王。立子孙登为皇太子。命诸葛瑾长子诸葛恪为太子左辅，张昭次子张休为太子右弼。”（第九十八回）“孙登于吴赤乌四年身亡，遂立次子孙和为太子，乃琅琊王夫人所生。和因与全公主不睦，被公主所谮，权废之，和忧恨而死，又立三子孙亮为太子，乃潘夫人所生。此时陆逊、诸葛瑾皆亡，一应大小事务，皆归于诸葛恪。太元元年秋八月初一日，忽起大风，江海涌涛，平地水深八尺。吴主先陵所种松柏，尽皆拔起，直飞到建业城南门外，倒卓于道上。权因此受惊成病。至次年四月内，病势沉重，乃召太傅诸葛恪、大司马吕岱至榻前，嘱以后事。嘱讫而薨。在位二十四年，寿七十一岁。”（第一○八回）

fromhepassagesquoedabovefromheexwecanseesunquanisnoonlyhekeeperbualsohefounderofhesouhnd“sunquan，kingofhesouhnd，washoldingcourwhenaspyrepored：‘primeminiserzhugeofshuhasakenhefieldwice，inflicingheavylossesoffighersandcapainsoncaozhen’sweiarmy’aferhisreporheassemblyofvassalsurgedhekingowagewaragainsweiforhepurposeofakinghenorhernhearndsunquanwavered，unableocomeoadecisionzhangzhaoaddressedhim：‘ihaveheardrecenlyhainhehillseasofwuchangaphoenixhasdispyediself，andhainhegreariveraawnydragonhasbeensighedseveralimesyourlordship’sviruemacheshaofyaoandshun，yourwisdommacheshaofkingswenandwuascendheimperialseafirs；hensendforhhearmy’manyofficialsechoedzhangzhao’sviewhusheyselecedhehirdcyclicaldayofhefourhmonhforheenhronemenanderecedanalarinhesouhernsuburbofwuchangonheappoinedday，pursuanohepeiionofheassembledofficials，sunquanascendedheimperialseahereignyearwaschangedfromhuangwu8ohuanglong1(iead229)sunquan’sfaher，sunjian，wasposhumouslyhonoredasemperorwulie，ormarialglory；hismoher，dywu，asempresswulie；hisbroher，sunce，askinghuanofchangshasundeng，quan’sson，wasdesignaedcrownprince，andzhugeke，eldessonofzhugejin，becamehisprincipalguide；zhugexiu，youngersonofzhangzhao，becameheheirapparen’sfirsassisan(chaper98)”“sundeng，however，haddiedinhefourhyearofchiwu，andsohenexson，sunhe，hadbecomeheirohehousesunhewashesonofdywangfromngyehehadbadreionswihprincessquan，however，andshespreadevilrumorsabouhimheresulwashasunquanremovedsunheasheirapparen；hesubsequenlydiedofvexaionhehirdson，sunliang，washenconfirmedasheirapparenhewashesonofdypanbyhisimeluxun，zhugejin，andoherleadingfigureshadpassedaway，andallmaersofgreaandsmallwerelefozhugekeinheauumnofhefirsyearofaiyuan，onhefirsdayofheeighhmonh，agreasormsuddenlysruck，blowingriversandkesinogreabillowsandfloodingfndsoadephofeighspanspinesandcypresseshahadbeenpnedahesuncn’sancesralombswereuprooedbyhewindsandblownohesouhgaeofjianyeonhemainroadsunquanfellillfromheshockinhefourhmonhofhefollowingyear(iead252)，hiscondiiongraver，hecalledimperialguardianzhugekeandhechiefcommandingofficer，ludai，ohisbedsideandinsrucedhemonhehandingofhegovernmeninhefuurewhensunquanhadfinishedspeaking，hewasnomorehehadreignedforwenyfouryears，reachingheageofsevenyone(chaper108)”

“孙权既亡，诸葛恪立孙亮为帝，大赦天下，改元建兴元年；谥权曰大皇帝，葬于蒋陵。”（第一○八回）“吴主孙亮，时年方十六，见罥杀戮太过，心甚不然”……“虽然聪明，却被孙罥把持，不能主张”……“孙罥入内指吴主孙亮骂曰：‘无道昏君！本当诛戮以谢天下！看先帝之面，废汝为会稽王，吾自选有德者立之！’……孙罥遣宗正孙楷、中书郎董朝，往虎林迎请琅琊王孙休为君。休字子烈，乃孙权第六子也……吴主孙休忙下御座迎之，请罥高坐。酒行数巡……左将军张布厉声而言曰：‘有诏擒反贼孙罥！’……孙休命推下斩之。”（第一一三回）这正是孙权种下的祸根！

afersunquan’sdeah，zhugekeinsaedsunliangasemperorageneralamnesywasprocimed，andhereignyearwaschangedojianxing，year1sunquanwasposhumouslyiledgreaaugusemperorandburiedajiangling”(chaper108)“herulerofwu，sunliang，sixeenyearsold，deploredheexremecruelyofsunchen”“buforallhiscleverness，sunliangwasundersunchen’sconrolandcouldnoaconhisown”“sunchensrodeinoheruler’squarersanddenouncedsunliang：‘immoral，ignoranleaderyoushouldbyrighsbeexecuedosaisfyheempirebuouofrespecforheeemperorwewilldemoeyouoprinceofkuaijiandselecsomeoneviruousoassumehehroneinyourpce’sunchensensunkai，hekeeperofheimperialcnregisry，anddongchao，acourierinhesecrearia，oheownofhulinowelcomehenewsovereign，sunxiu(zilie)，princeofngyehewashesixhsonofsunquanherulerofwu，sunxiu，hasenedfromhishrooreceivesunchenandinviedchenosibesidehimaferseveralroundsofwinegeneralofhelefzhangbusaidharshly，‘ihaveanedicoarresheraiorsunchen’sunxiugaveheorderforexecuion(chaper113)”iissunquanwhohassownheseedsofmisforune

鲁肃：“字子敬，临淮东川人也。此人胸怀韬略，腹隐机谋。早年丧父，事母至孝。

其家极富，尝散财以济贫乏。瑜为居巢长之时，将数百人过临淮，因乏粮，闻鲁肃家有两罥米，各三千斛，因往求助。肃即指一罥相赠，其慷慨如此。平生好击剑骑射，寓居曲阿。祖母亡，还葬东城……瑜奉命亲往，见肃叙礼毕，具道孙权相慕之意……肃从其言，遂同周瑜来见孙权。权甚敬之，与之谈论，终日不倦。一日，众官皆散，权留鲁肃共饮，至晚同榻抵足而卧。夜半，权问肃曰：‘君将何以教我？’肃曰：‘肃窃料汉室不可复兴，曹操不可卒除。为将军计，惟有鼎足江东以观天下之衅。今乘北方多务，剿除黄祖，进伐刘表，竟长江所极而据守之；然后建号帝王，以图天下。’”（第二十九回）多么精辟的分析啊！真是英雄所见略同！他的这一战略思想与诸葛亮的《隆中对》基本一致，可称为《吴中对》，但却比《隆中对》早出台十来年。正如孙权在第七十七回中所说：“子敬初见孤时，便及帝王大略，此一快也”。这是鲁肃的第一大贡献——“为东吴提出了帝王大略”。